Now that we’ve entered tax season, it’s time to think about tax deductions. Almost everything you buy for your real estate business is tax deductible, so long as it is ordinary and necessary and the cost is reasonable.
These deductions can really add up. For example, if you buy a $2,000 computer and use it for your business, you could deduct the full cost from your taxes. If you were in the 28 percent federal income tax bracket this would save you $560 in income tax.
In effect, you’d be getting a 28 percent discount on the computer. The catch is you must really be in business and use the computer or other item you buy for the business. You can’t deduct personal expenses.
Here are the most common tax deductions taken by real estate pros:
1. Car deductions: The single most claimed tax deductions for all small businesses are car and truck expenses. The cost of all driving you do for your real estate business, with the important exception of commuting to and from your home to work, is tax deductible. If you like recordkeeping, you can keep track of all your car expenses to figure your annual deduction.
But if you’d rather not keep track of how much you spend for gas, oil, repairs, car washes and so forth, you can use the standard mileage rate, which is 55.5 cents per mile in 2011 and 2012. When you use the standard rate, you only need to keep track of how many miles you drive for business, not how much you spend on your car.
2. Office expenses: The amounts you spend on your business office are deductible business expenses. For example, you may deduct the rent and utilities you spend on your business office. And if you work at home you may be able to deduct the cost of your home office.
This deduction is particularly valuable if you are a renter because it enables you to deduct a portion of your monthly rent, a sizable expense that is ordinarily not deductible.
3. Business travel: You may also deduct your expenses when you go out of town for your real estate business. These include airfare or other transportation costs, and hotel or other lodging expenses.
But you may only deduct 50 percent of the cost of meals when you travel on business. If you plan things right, you can even mix pleasure and business and still get a deduction.
4. Meals and entertainment: The days of the deductible three-martini lunch are pretty much at an end. To deduct the cost of a meal in a restaurant or an entertainment event like a baseball game or theater visit, you must have a serious business discussion before, during, or soon after the event.
Moreover, you may only deduct 50 percent of your business meal and entertainment costs.
5. Depreciation: When you buy property for your business that will last more than one year, you may deduct the cost a little at a time over a period of years. This process is called depreciation. Examples of depreciable property include cars, computers, and office furniture.
However, you don’t always have to depreciate such long-term business property. Small businesses have the option of deducting the entire cost of such property in a single year under Internal Revenue Code Section 179, or using bonus depreciation This enables you to get a big deduction in a single year rather than spreading it out over several years.
6. Supplies: Supplies are business items that you use up in less than one year. They include everything from paperclips to postage stamps.
7. Legal and professional services: You can deduct fees that you pay to attorneys, accountants, consultants and other professionals if the fees are paid for work related to your business.
8. Insurance: Insurance you buy just for your business is deductible — for example, business liability insurance or insurance for business property. If you have a home office, you may deduct a portion of your homeowners insurance.
Self-employed people are also allowed to deduct 100 percent of their health insurance premiums from their income taxes.
